If you’re sitting for the 2025 WAEC Biology exam, there are always commonly repeated questions and topics WAEC sets every year. Each year, the examiners tend to focus on certain topics that seem to be asked over and over again. But which topics are most likely to appear? In this article, we will share these topics and questions with you. This should help you know exactly where to focus your studies for a successful exam.
20 Topics WAEC Repeats in Biology
1. Cell Structure and Function
Are questions about cell structure common in WAEC biology? Yes, the structure and function of cells are fundamental topics that appear frequently.
You can expect a question like, “Draw and label the structure of a typical plant or animal cell?,” or “What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?”
Why is cell structure important in biology? The study of cells forms the basis for understanding the structure and function of all living organisms.
2. Tissues and Organs
Do WAEC exams include questions about tissues and organs? Yes, the different types of tissues and their functions are often tested.
Example question: “Differentiate between muscle tissue and epithelial tissue?.”
What makes this topic important? Understanding how tissues combine to form organs helps in understanding how complex organisms, including humans, function.
3. Reproduction in Plants and Animals
Is reproduction a common topic in WAEC repeated biology questions? Yes, this topic is consistently featured in the exam.
Questions like, “Describe the process of sexual reproduction in flowering plants” or “Explain the differences between external and internal fertilization,” are typical.
Why is this topic so frequently tested? Reproduction is a key biological process that is essential for the survival of species.
4. Ecology and Ecosystems
Does WAEC biology focus on ecology and ecosystems? Yes, these are frequently tested topics.
You may encounter a question like, “Define an ecosystem and list its components.”
What makes ecology important in biology? Ecology helps us understand the relationships between organisms and their environment, a critical aspect of biology.
5. Genetics and Heredity
Do genetics questions appear regularly in WAEC biology? Yes, this is another frequently tested area.
An example of a question is, “Use a genetic diagram to explain Mendel’s law of segregation.”
Why is this topic repeated so often? Genetics explains how traits are passed from parents to offspring, a fundamental concept in biology.
6. Respiratory System
Are questions on the respiratory system part of WAEC repeated biology questions? Yes, the respiratory system is often featured.
Example question: “Describe how gaseous exchange occurs in the human lungs.”
Why is the respiratory system a common topic? The process of respiration is vital for life, as it ensures that oxygen reaches cells for energy production.
7. Circulatory System
Does WAEC biology frequently include questions on the circulatory system? Yes, this is another popular topic.
You might see a question like, “Explain the flow of blood through the human heart.”
Why is the circulatory system important to study? It’s primarily for transporting nutrients, gasses, and wastes throughout the body.
8. Digestive System
Are digestion-related questions common in WAEC biology? Yes, this is a regularly appearing topic.
A typical question could be, “Explain how proteins are broken down during digestion.”
What is the significance of digestion in biology? Digestion allows organisms to break down food and absorb nutrients necessary for survival.
9. Excretory System
Is the excretory system a repeated topic in WAEC biology? Yes, students are often tested on how organisms get rid of waste.
Example question: “Describe the role of the kidney in excretion.”
Why is this important? The excretory system maintains homeostasis by removing waste products from the body.
10. Nervous System
Do WAEC biology exams include questions on the nervous system? Yes, this topic is frequently repeated.
You might be asked, “Describe the structure and function of a neuron.”
Why does this topic appear so often? The nervous system coordinates body activities by transmitting signals between different parts of the body.
11. Sense Organs
Are sense organs part of WAEC repeated biology questions? Yes, questions on the eye, ear, and other sense organs frequently come up.
Example question: “Explain how the human eye functions to perceive light.”
Why is this important? Sense organs help organisms interact with their environment by detecting stimuli.
12. Plant and Animal Nutrition
Does WAEC frequently test students on nutrition? Yes, both plant and animal nutrition are commonly featured.
A good example question could be, “Explain the process of photosynthesis in plants.”
Why is nutrition a key topic? Nutrition provides the energy organisms need to grow and survive.
13. Photosynthesis
Is photosynthesis a common topic in WAEC biology? Yes, this process appears almost every year.
You might be asked, “Describe the process of photosynthesis and its importance to plants.”
Why is this topic repeated? Photosynthesis is how plants produce energy, making it a foundational concept in biology.
14. Transport in Plants
Do WAEC biology questions often focus on plant transport systems? Yes, the movement of water and nutrients in plants is frequently tested.
Example: “Explain the process of transpiration in plants.”
Why is this topic important? Having a piece of knowledge on plant transport helps explain how plants grow and survive in different environments.
15. Reproductive Health and STIs
Is reproductive health a regularly featured topic in WAEC biology? Yes, this is a frequently tested area.
A question might be, “List common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and describe how they can be prevented.”
Why does WAEC emphasize this topic? Reproductive health is essential for preventing diseases and promoting well-being.
16. Classification of Living Organisms
Are classification questions common in WAEC repeated biology questions? Yes, the classification of organisms is a recurring topic.
Example question: “Classify the following organisms into their appropriate kingdoms.”
Why is classification important? It helps scientists organize and understand the diversity of life on Earth.
17. Evolution
Does WAEC frequently test students on evolution? Yes, questions on evolution and natural selection appear often.
Example: “Explain the concept of natural selection.”
Why is evolution significant? It provides an understanding of how species change over time and adapt to their environment.
18. Microorganisms
Are microorganisms a common topic in WAEC biology? Yes, the role of bacteria, viruses, and fungi is frequently tested.
A typical question might be, “State the roles of microorganisms in the nitrogen cycle.”
Why does this topic appear regularly? Microorganisms play vital roles in processes like decomposition and disease.
19. Water Relations in Plants
Do water relations in plants feature in WAEC repeated biology questions? Yes, topics like osmosis and transpiration are frequently tested.
Example: “Explain the process of osmosis in plant cells.”
Why is this topic important? Water is essential for plant life, and understanding water relations helps explain how plants survive in various environments.
20. Homeostasis
Is homeostasis a commonly tested topic in WAEC biology? Yes, this is one of the key concepts in the exam.
Example: “Describe how the human body regulates temperature.”
Why is homeostasis important? It explains how organisms maintain a stable internal environment, essential for survival.
What are the WAEC repeated biology questions that often appear? Based on past papers, questions related to the above topics frequently show up, although the wording might change slightly from year to year.
Does focusing on these questions guarantee a high score? While no one can predict the exact questions that will appear in the exam, covering these WAEC repeated biology questions gives you a strong chance of success. If you focus on revisioning these key areas, you significantly boost your chances of performing well in the WAEC biology exam.